Manchester’s Footballing Pioneers, 1863–1904: A Collective Biography

ABSTRACT: Association football had become a prominent part of Manchester’s sporting landscape by 1904 when Manchester achieved its first national success. Its journey had been difficult, relying on the efforts of several key individuals whose relentless determination to widen the sport’s participation ensured the game succeeded. This paper provides an analysis of three pioneering figures, John Nall, Fitzroy Norris, and Joshua Parlby, who took the game from its formalized inception in the region through to its first national successes, considering their class, experience, shared history, and connections, while analyzing what these narratives add to the wider origins of football debate. The author concludes that football’s emergence depended primarily on the activities of key individuals from varying backgrounds who provided the energy, enthusiasm, and organizational structures necessary, while relying on cross-class connections, to establish the game within a region.

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The Origins of School Football Associations: Manchester as a Case Study


Abstract

This paper will focus on the origins and subsequent development of school football in Manchester and its surrounding conurbation between 1880 and 1919. Archival evidence, drawing mainly on the Manchester Schools Football Association (MSFA) collection, will be used to chronicle the expansion of organized competition and sporting opportunities. It will demonstrate that football’s growth in Manchester’s education system owed much to dedicated teachers who encouraged participation at their own schools and organized inter-school competitions. Association football became prominent right across Manchester as young teachers, most notably George Sharples, encouraged pupils to play, leading to a widening of participation and interest that helps to explain how Manchester transitioned from a rugby to a soccer city. Also discussed is the important role of the Manchester and Salford Playing Fields Society (MSPFS) which assisted the game’s growth in schools and amongst schoolchildren more generally by making suitable fields and pitches available. Without the Society’s efforts facilities may have been insufficient to satisfy growing demand at a critical point in soccer’s development.

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Establishing women in sports history: Manchester City Football Club

ABSTRACT

This paper provides an overview of an oral history project focusing on the experiences of female footballers, in particular those playing for Manchester City Women since its formation as a community initiative in 1988, through to its modern-day position as a leading Women’s Super League club. It discusses the development of the project, analysis of the methodology employed and provides high-level findings on the club’s history, the participants and the research process. For too long female participation, even at England’s most famous clubs, has not been widely recognised, reported on or understood. This project, supported by a professional football club, begins to address these omissions. It does so by focusing on personal testimonies, together with archive material to generate an historical account of how a team, established as a community initiative, developed into a major trophy-winning club.

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FA Cup success, football infrastructure and the establishment of Manchester’s footballing identity

ABSTRACT: Contemporary Manchester is recognized internationally as a footballing city, with both Manchester United and Manchester City acknowledged as prominent clubs. However, the city has not always been a force in the game, nor has the game always been important across Manchester’s social spectrum. This paper examines how Manchester first became established as a footballing city, identify- ing that success in the FA Cup in 1904 stimulated interest in the game and con- siders how the legacy of that victory enabled the game to develop in terms of participation and spectating. It also considers the social mix of attendees at pro- fessional games in the city, and closes by concluding that footballing success generated increased interest and was the catalyst for improvement in the infra- structure for both participation and attendance, enabling Manchester’s footballing identity to become established.

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Decisive Derbies: 1969-1970 – The first League Cup semi-finals between Manchester City and Manchester United

On Wednesday 6th January 2020 Manchester City and Manchester United will play yet another semi-final in the League Cup. Unlike the previous semi-finals however this one will be a one-leg affair (due to potential fixture congestion it was decided to take this approach).

The first ever League Cup semi final between the teams – indeed the first ever League Cup tie between them – came during the 1969-70 season. That was the first season when all 92 League clubs entered the competition.

Here is the background to each of the 1969-70 semi-final legs and a report on each game with lineups, attendance details etc.

LEAGUE CUP SEMI-FINAL 1ST LEG

DERBY: League Cup

DATE 3rd December 1969 

COMPETITION League Cup S/F leg 1

VENUE Maine Road

ATTENDANCE 55,799

MANCHESTER CITY 2 (Bell, Lee pen)

MANCHESTER UNITED 1 (Charlton)

Manchester City: Joe CORRIGAN, Tony BOOK, Glyn PARDOE, Mike DOYLE, Tommy BOOTH, Alan OAKES, Mike SUMMERBEE, Colin BELL, Francis LEE, Neil YOUNG, Ian BOWYER. Unused substitute: Dave CONNOR. Manager: Joe MERCER 

Manchester United: Alex STEPNEY, Paul EDWARDS, Tony DUNNE, Francis BURNS, Ian URE, David SADLER, George BEST, Brian KIDD, Bobby CHARLTON, Nobby STILES, John ASTON. Unused Substitute: Jim RYAN. Manager: Wilf McGUINNESS

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Read more of this content when you subscribe today. Subscribing gives access to all the 100+ articles posted so far with Manchester A Football History being serialised from Saturday 9th January 2021 as well.

The Emergence of an Association Football Culture in Manchester 1840–1884

Over the coming weeks I’ll be posting my academic articles here for subscribers to my blog. In the meantime, here’s a link to one, first published in 2014, that is currently free to access on the publisher’s website:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17460263.2013.873075?src=recsys

The 100th Post – Why, What and When?

Thanks for reading this my 100th article/post on gjfootballarchive.com. I wanted to take the opportunity of this 100th post in 3 days to thank everyone interested in my work and to explain why I’m doing this; what the archive consists of and how often it will be added to.

First – why? For some time people have been asking me when I’d be doing my own blog and over the years I’ve always been pleased with the responses to my guest appearances on podcasts, vlogs and blogs. The feedback has been excellent but I’ve always had so much more to say. I care passionately about ensuring football’s history is properly researched & recorded and feel there’s always a place for detailed, quality research.

The idea of creating this blog and archive came because I wanted to create new content, based on the research I’ve performed over the decades, while also setting up an archive of my past work. Much of my writing is now out of print and it matters enormously to me that books like Manchester A Football History should be available (subscribers will be able to access the full 2010 edition of that book soon).

I am a self employed historian and spend all my working week writing, researching and publishing my work. I am not an employee of any organisation (I know some think I’m employed by a football club but I’m not an employee nor am I an official club historian of any club). I am independent of any organisation and care passionately about the quality and accuracy of my work. As so much of this is out of print I am keen to create this archive for my work and add to it as time goes by.

Next – what? So what is my football archive? It is a place where already after less than three days 99 posts/articles/features have been posted. These include new material, interviews, profiles, past articles, book sections and more. Some of this material was written some time ago or is based on interviews performed many years ago (including interviews with players who have since died). Most of the material posted so far is connected with Manchester City but there are articles of interest to Manchester United and other teams, including England. Further articles on Manchester’s clubs will follow.

Some articles are free to download but most of the material is available to subscribers only. As mentioned earlier, my research and writing is something I strive hard to ensure is of quality. No one employs me to research or write (I lost my only regular income when physical match programmes stopped being produced last season) but my commitment to those who read my work is that I will always seek to maintain the highest standards. I am eternally grateful to those who purchase my books or subscribe to my work.

To see what articles have already been published go to the search page (using the links under the banner at the top of this page) and either search on a key word or have a look at the categories listed there.

Next – when? There are already 99 posts/articles live and this will increase significantly over the coming weeks. By the middle of February every chapter (that’s over 30) of the 2010 edition of Manchester A Football History (PDFs of the actual pages including illustrations) will be available to subscribers. Over time my biography of Joe Mercer and other books, such as Farewell To Maine Road, will also be available in this archive. I’m keen to hear from subscribers which books, articles, interviews they’d like access to here. I want this to develop into a community of readers whose views absolutely matter.

A limited amount of content will always be free for anyone to read but those subscribing will have access to everything on this site for as long as they subscribe. For subscribers I will post a minimum of 4 new articles alongside adding material from my archives each month. To subscribe costs £3 a month or £20 a year (the 2010 edition of Manchester A Football History which will be posted a section/chapter a day for subscribers from Saturday 9th January 2021 cost £24.95 when published and is now out of print).

If you’re uncertain whether to subscribe or not then why not subscribe for a month at £3 and see if you’re getting value for money. The £20 annual subscription works out about £1.67 a month for a guaranteed 4 new articles per month and access to everything else posted in the archive.

Thanks for reading this. If you’d like to subscribe then please do so below. I really appreciate the support and I promise I’ll continue to add content that informs, entertains and has been researched to the highest standards.

Happy new year (surely it can’t be as bad as the last?). Best wishes, Gary

£3 per month or £20 per year for full access to all posts and the archive.

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The First Competitive Manchester Derby (Season 1891-1892)

DATE 3rd October 1891

COMPETITION FA Cup 1st Rd (Qualifying)

VENUE North Road

ATTENDANCE 10,000

NEWTON HEATH 5 (Sneddon, Doughty, Farman 2, Edge)

ARDWICK 1 (Pearson)

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Read more of this content when you subscribe today. You can subscribe at either £20 per year (above) or at £3 per month here (cancel any time). For those subscribing £3 per month you will be able to access all content from October 2022 onwards for as long as you are a subscriber. Those subscribing £20 a year have access to everything posted since December 2020.

Manchester United Ticket Prices

The admission price to sit in K Stand for the FA Cup tie with Queen’s Park Rangers on 29 January 1977 was £1.20 for an adult ticket.

The Reds won the tie with Lou Macari scoring the only goal.  Attendance 57,422

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Two shillings and sixpence (12½p in today’s money) would be enough to buy a ticket for the European Cup quarter-final with Red Star Belgrade at Old Trafford in January 1958.  The true value of the ticket today, considering average earnings and inflation, would be approximately £6.

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A ticket to stand at the 1983 League Cup final against Liverpool could be bought for £4. 

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£2.60 would buy a terracing ticket for the Old Trafford derby of March 1986.  The game ended in a 2-2 draw before 51,274.  In February 1990 £3.50 bought a similar ticket for the 1-1 drawn Manchester derby watched by 40,274.

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It would cost £8 to watch United’s Premier League meeting with Chelsea on 17 April 1993 in the uncovered West Stand lower tier.  A similar fixture in October 1963 between the sides at Stamford Bridge would cost six shillings to sit under cover.  The 1963 game ended in a 1-1 draw before 45,351, while the 1993 match saw the Reds win 3-0 four games from the end of their 1992-93 Premier League winning season.

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A junior Stretford End ticket for United’s 1-1 draw with Liverpool in Division One on 19 October 1985 cost £1.20, while an adult ticket for the same game (in the United Road Paddock) cost £2.60.  Eight years earlier an adult ticket for a similar position at the Scoreboard End cost a bargain 80p.  

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A seat ticket to watch Chelsea V United at Stamford Bridge on Wednesday 30 September 1964 cost seven shillings and sixpence.  It would have been well worth it as United won 2-0 with goals from Best and Law.  The attendance was 60,769.

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When United faced Everton in the fourth round of the League Cup in 1993 Reds fans had to pay £11 to sit in Goodison’s Park End.  A crowd of 34,052 saw Giggs and Hughes score as United progressed to the fifth round.  That season United reached the final.

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It would have cost £1.50 to stand in the East Enclosure when Gordon Hill netted twice against Derby County in the FA Cup semi-final at Hillsborough in 1976.

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A League Cup quarter final ticket for United V Everton in December 1976 cost 80p to stand in the Paddock at Old Trafford.  Attendance 57,738.  To stand in the Paddock in 1959 would have cost 3s 6d (17½p).  

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An FA Cup final seat ticket for the 14th row at either end of Wembley Stadium in 1979 cost £8.  United faced Arsenal in a memorable final.  21 years earlier three shillings and sixpence brought a terracing ticket for the West Stand as United faced Bolton in the final.

Manchester A Football History – Coming soon

Starting on Saturday 9th January I’ll be posting a chapter each day from the 2010 edition of Manchester A Football History here. These will be available to subscribers to this site with one section posted each day for 35 days.

To subscribe to this site costs £3 per month or £20 per year. As well as accessing Manchester A Football History (from 9th January) subscribers will also have access to other articles and blog posts posted. To get a feel for the volume and type of article available use either the search function at the bottom of this page or by selecting a category in the Posted Content Categories field below.

To subscribe click on the subscriber box that appears on any page with content exclusive to subscribers.