Football writing, thoughts and more by Gary James
Here’s a report, image and film from the first World Cup qualifying match played in England (from this date, 16 November, in 1949). It saw England thrash Ireland 9-2 at Maine Road. This was a historic game for obvious reasons and the match programme explained how the World Cup operated as this was the first time England had participated in the tournament.
Here’s film: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktdSk-o6YNA
Here’s a newspaper report:
Last Saturday (25 October 2025) I was fortunate to be invited to the England v Brazil women’s international as a guest of the FA. My seat was in the Royal Box at the Etihad (City of Manchester Stadium as it was named on the night due to sponsorship reasons). On social media someone commented that the Royal Box was a bit of a stretch in terms of its name but the truth is that the Directors Box (as it’s more commonly known) has housed members of the British royal family, including the late Queen Elizabeth II. In fact it was originally named the Royal Box for the Commonwealth Games in 2002. Back then I remember suggesting it should retain the name and now, maybe, the original name should return?
Other royals, including the former King of Spain, have sat there for Manchester City games and other events, so the name would be quite apt. Funnily enough, the Etihad’s ‘Royal Box’ isn’t the first part of a City ground to be given that name. It’s not even the second but the third! Both Maine Road and before that Hyde Road, had visits from senior members of the British Royal Family and on each occasion the Directors Box was spruced up and renamed the Royal Box for the game. Here’s the current King’s great grandad at Hyde Road’s Royal Box in 1920:
So, City, how about renaming the Directors Box the Royal Box again?
The following subscriber article talks about all of that, but in essence the current King’s dad, grandad and great grandad have all attended City matches at one of City’s home grounds. You can read about those visits here:
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“When I heard the team I said two prayers. One of thanks to the Scots for leaving me out, and one on behalf of Adam Little who had taken my place. I knew then we’d do well to get away with less than five goals against.” So said Bill Shankly referring to the selection of the England team to face Scotland at Maine Road in October 1943. You can read the story of this incredible game here:
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Forty years ago today (29 September 1985) it was reported that Manchester United’s winger Peter Barnes was being considered for a place in Bobby Robson’s England. The former City player had dropped out of the England squad a few years earlier but, as this report shows, his form for United brought him back in contention for an England place.
Sadly, injury ended the prospect for the talented winger.
You can read Peter’s story in the authorised biography I have written on him. It covers every aspect of his career. Details here:
Continuing the series on Manchester City in the 1920s today’s free article is about the City England international (in fact City’s first England international!) who became the manager of Milan in 1926. Here goes…
The first Manchester City player to appear for England was Herbert Burgess, who was reportedly born in Openshaw on 25 February 1883. Burgess was a left back but, according to articles at the time, was only 5ft 4.75 inches tall (weighing 11st 7lbs).
He made his first England appearance against Wales, and City teammate Billy Meredith, in February 1904 and did well in a game that ended 2-2 at Wrexham.
Prior to City Burgess had joined Football League side Glossop in March 1900 and, after three good years there, he moved to City on 30 July 1903. The fee City paid was £250. This was a period when Manchester’s Blues seemed to be cherry-picking the best Glossop had to offer and one report even suggested the nearby club was becoming a nursery club for City.
Burgess made three international appearances in 1904 with the Welsh game followed by a 3-1 victory over Ireland at Solitude, Belfast in March and a 1-0 win over Scotland at Parkhead, Glasgow on 9 April 1904. Only two weeks later Burgess helped City to FA Cup success (they became the first Manchester team to win a major trophy) and the Blues were also League runners up. These were great days for Burgess.
He made one further appearance for England – a 2-1 defeat at Hampden Park on 7 April 1906, played in front of 102,741 – and was furious that one of the Scotland goals was allowed to stand.
This period was a tough one for Burgess as the illegal payments scandal at City completely rocked his world. He was one of 17 players suspended by the FA (I can talk about this for days – it was so unfair and northern newspapers believed it was some sort of conspiracy by the southern based FA!).
Burgess was forced to leave City and, along with other star men, including Billy Meredith, he joined the then underdogs Manchester United and helped them achieve their first major success. He then moved to Denmark and played for Kristiania before joining Hungarian club MTK Budapest.
When his playing days came to an end he became Budapest’s manager and then managed Padova (1922-1926). He left Padova to become Milan’s manager in 1926 and after two years there he returned to Padova.
From 1930 to 1932 Burgess managed another Italian club, Roma. This photo is of Burgess (with cap on) as manager of AS Roma.
Burgess immediately etched his own name into the history of Roma, winning the first ever Rome derby in only his second game in charge. Roma won 1-0 win at Lazio’s Stadio della Rondinella. Burgess also guided Roma to success in the second derby, winning 3-1, the following May, this time at their all-wooden ground Campo Testaccio.
Burgess never lost a Rome derby during his time there as they drew their subsequent two derbies under him. His Roma team also pushed eventual champions Juventus all the way in the 1930-31 campaign, finishing just four points behind Juventus as runners-up.
Sadly, it’s been reported that Italy’s development under the dictatorship of Mussolino meant that English coaches were under pressure to leave and Burgess returned to Manchester, taking a job as a labourer on a housing estate on the outskirts of Manchester. He also became trainer to Ashton National.
He died in 1954.
In total at City he made 94 first team appearances and scored two goals. Had the illegal payments scandal not occurred he may well have been an England regular for several years. As it is his career is pretty impressive for a lad born in Openshaw in the 1880s – FA Cup & League winner; England international; manager of prominent clubs in Hungary and Italy.
People tend to think that it’s only in the modern era that Manchester City have achieved anything or that footballers have gone abroad to coach major clubs like Milan, Budapest and Roma, but the truth is that men like Burgess achieved so much over a century ago. We must take steps to remember them. Oh, and while I’m here it’s worth pointing out that City did have international players for years before Burgess but they didn’t play for England.
The earliest played to make an international appearance while on City’s books made an appearance for Wales in 1890 when the club was still Ardwick. Maybe I’ll write about him one day too?
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If you have enjoyed this piece and would like to support my writing while also accessing further great content, then why not subscribe? Those who subscribe on an annual basis get access to everything posted on this site since December 2020. Those subscribing on a monthly basis get access to everything posted since 1 October 2022. It’s £20 a year (subscribe above) or £3 per month (subscribe here). Why not try it for a month?
It’s wonderful that England have won, once again, the Women’s Euros. It’s so important for moments like this to be celebrated and recognised for the significant achievement they are. During recent weeks much has been said about the first England women’s international against Scotland back in 1972. That’s great – the history of women’s football in this country goes back a long way – however I am a little disappointed that the role of one significant figure in the development of international football has not really been mentioned. That’s he role of Gladys Aikin, the first chair of the England Women International Committee.
Gladys was the manager of the Manchester Corinthians and she was one of the founding people behind the establishment of the Women’s FA. She was also someone who challenged the FA a ban and in the early 70s she worked with others to establish an England international team. She became the first chair (though she always described herself as Chairman using the convention of the time) of the England Women International Committee and was ultimately responsible for that first England squad (see letter).
I’ll be mentioning Gladys during the Free Corinthians event I’m staging at Hebden Bridge on Saturday 2 August (4pm-6pm) so why not come along and hear more on her and the Corinthians? Follow the link for tickets and details:
My latest article on women’s football has been published. This one looks back to 1957 when a Manchester club (chosen by Bert Trautmann to play) represented England in a European Cup in Germany. The article has been posted by Manchester City. You can access it via this link:
I was interviewed on this day (17 February) in 2021 about the great Joe Mercer for the ‘esk podcast’ – an Everton podcast. I talk about meeting Joe; about writing his biography; about Joe’s time at Everton, Arsenal, Manchester City and so on. I also tell the story of Norah Mercer insisting that Bobby Charlton phones me to apologize (it was somewhat of a shock at the time)! We also discussed Everton and City in preparation for their game that night (17th February 2021). No matter who you support it’s well worth listening to.
The podcast can be accessed here:
https://play.acast.com/s/1c7cca11-92ad-58f8-b31b-49145958bc80/602d41a1c5f50f5b203f5312
While you’re here why not see what else has been posted on City and Everton: https://gjfootballarchive.com/tag/everton/
You can access other esk podcasts here: https://shows.acast.com/the-esk-podcasts
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DonateOn this day in 1913: Frank Swift was born. Here for subscribers is a detailed article I wrote on Swift a few years back:
Swift, Frank Victor (1913-1958), footballer and journalist was born in Blackpool, Lancashire on 26 December 1913, the second son of five children. From his earliest memories, he was always obsessed with the game of football, playing at every opportunity with his brothers, one of whom, Fred, became first team goalkeeper for a variety of clubs, most notably Blackpool, Oldham Athletic and Bolton Wanderers.
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This day (21 November) in 1970 saw England international Francis Lee score twice as Manchester City defeated West Ham United 2-0 at Maine Road. Franny was a wonderful, attacking player and a statue of him alongside Colin Bell and Mike Summerbee has been erected at the Etihad Stadium. I met Francis a lot over the years and interviewed him frequently. So, if you’ve not seen this before, here’s an interview I did with him at his home in February 2010. This was published in the City match programme back then and you can read Franny’s views on his career here as published at the time. Enjoy!
In a glittering career Francis won two League Championships, the ECWC, League Cup and the FA Cup.
Francis, let’s begin with your early career at Bolton. Is it true you started on the groundstaff?
That’s right. I set myself a target that I had to get into the first team by the time I was 17 or 18. If I didn’t I was going to go back to college and train as a draughtsman. That was my plan, but I managed to get into the first team at 16 and I made my debut against City (5/11/60). We won 3-1 and I scored a header at 3.15 against Bert Trautmann – I think Bert must have thought he was getting over the hill for me to score a header past him!
I had about a dozen games over two seasons, then in 1962-63 I was top scorer with 12 goals from 23 League games.
You topped the goalscoring charts each season at Bolton from 1962 until you left. You were playing on the wing. Was that your preferred position?
I think my best position was as support striker to a big fella. I only played in that role twice really – at Bolton with Wyn Davies when I scored 23 League goals one season and then at City with Wyn again when I scored 33 League goals in 1971-72. A lot of my career was spent at centre-forward which is a bit of a difficult position to play if you’re only 5ft 7. When I played for England I was support to Geoff Hurst and that suited me. At centre-forward I had my back to the ball but when I was support striker – the free player – that suited me fine. I could pick up the ball going forward and that was great.
At Bolton you scored 106 goals in 210 appearances. A great record, but when you left the club the stories were that you were in dispute. Is that true?
Well, what happened is that we were relegated in 1964 and, despite a near-miss in 1965 when we finished third, it didn’t feel as if we were going forward. My ambition was still to see how far I could develop in the game and in the back of my mind I had the ambition to play for England, but I wasn’t even selected for the under 23s. The story was going around that I was difficult to handle – which is funny because Joe Mercer said that I was the easiest player to handle at one point.
Were you difficult to handle at Bolton?
I was opinionated and ambitious, but not difficult. I think that message was going around because I was on a weekly contract at that time. The club knew that it would be difficult for them to stop me moving on if another club came in. So any player with a reputation for being difficult would not be on anyone else’s shopping list, would they? Bolton offered me a new contract worth something like £150 a week but my wage was only £35. That actually upset me and I said: “if you now think I’m worth £150 a week what about all those years you’ve been underpaying me?” It wasn’t the money that was an issue it was the way they handled it. What they were doing was trying to get me on that contract and then my value would increase if someone came in to buy me. Once they saw how dissatisfied I was with the way they were handling it, they said that it’d be best if we made a clean break, and so I said I’d pack the game in. I had my business by then and so I said: “give me my employment cards and I’ll pack it in.” They thought I was bluffing.
It’d been a decent season – I’d scored 9 goals in 11 games including when we beat the great Liverpool side in the League Cup – but then it ended in September 1967. They gave me my cards and that was it.
Were you absolutely certain you’d pack it all in at that point?
I kept myself fit but I was working on my business. I was driving my lorry around, collecting the waste paper and so on. The business was growing and I felt that if I wasn’t wanted then I’d concentrate on that. It was always my fallback.
I know how stories can get exaggerated over the years, but is it true that in between games you were going around collecting the waste paper?
I used to drive my lorry during the week and even on the Thursday or Friday before a game I’d be collecting waste paper. I used to put on a flat cap and muffler so that nobody would recognise me! In the end I was driving articulated lorries and it was getting to be a very good business. My last pick up was the day before I signed for City! I roped and sheeted about 15 ton of paper and cardboard from a spinning mill in Bolton. Took it to the Sun Paper Mill in Blackburn and when I got back about 5pm I got a call from Joe Mercer. He didn’t give his name at first but I recognised him. “Who is that?” He said: “Tom Jones.” I said: “It doesn’t sound like Tom Jones, sounds more like a man called Mercer!” and he asked: “Where’ve you been?” I told him I’d been playing golf – I couldn’t play the game at all then but I couldn’t tell him what I had been doing!
Did you immediately want to sign for City?
Other teams had shown interest in signing me. Liverpool offered £100,000 I understand but then when I wasn’t playing it affected my price. In later years Shanks often used to grab me and say in that strong Scottish accent: “Son, I should’ve signed ya the night I saw ya!”
City was just right of course. It meant the business could carry on. I don’t know if Bolton had told Joe about my contract or the £150 offer but the first thing he said to me before we talked it through was: “I’ll be honest with you son. We’ve no money. We’re skint!” I said: “It doesn’t matter. I’ll just be delighted to start playing again.” I meant it as well.
I signed for City for £60 a week – remember I’d turned down £150 at Bolton! But it was well worth it. The way the team developed and, of course, when I realised my ambition and played for England.
I left a lot of friends of mine at Bolton – Freddie Hill, Tommy Banks, Roy Hartle, Gordon Taylor – and we had some great times. Those of us who had come through the ranks were poorly paid for the job we were doing at the time, but we enjoyed ourselves. I never had any argument with the players, fans or people at Bolton, it was just those that ran it. I loved my time at Bolton.
When you joined City the Blues were ninth in Division One after losing 5 of the 11 games played. But the side was transformed from the moment you came. Unbeaten in your first 11 League games. Were you the difference?
The team just clicked and I was only part of a good group of players. We had that great run up to Christmas, then a bit of a blip, but in the New Year we just rattled on. It was a terrific period. Mike Summerbee was playing at centre-forward and our culture at the time was to play with five forwards. It was very unusual for the time. The only system we played was that we all played – we had ten players who went up together, and ten who defended together. When we won the League at Newcastle at the end of the season it was wonderful and particularly special because none of us had ever won anything significant. This was our first major success and that’s why the following season the ordeal of playing a European Cup tie was so tough.
Was it just inexperience that caused City to lose the Fenerbahce European Cup tie 2-1 on aggregate?
None of us had played in Europe before. Mike Summerbee had only made his England debut against Scotland in February 1968. Colin Bell had played in two England friendlies, but apart from that none of us had any concept of what it could be like in Turkey. Had we played the first leg in Istanbul and the second at Maine Road I think we’d have gone through, but the goalless 1st leg at Maine Road killed us really. We worked hard in Istanbul and it was a creditable result over there but we were out and it was because we were inexperienced. It was a culture shock.
Confidence was at a real low after that game. We’d had a bad run and only had a small squad so we struggled. But that was the way it was. Back then the motivation for all of us was to be in the team and to keep your place.
I think younger readers may be surprised to read that City tried to keep the same eleven players game after game, competition after competition. Would you have enjoyed a squad rotation policy when you played?
The aim of a footballer is to play. Why would anyone want to be rested? If a manager had said to me ten minutes before full time that he wanted to bring me off even though I was playing well, I’d have told him “no way! I’m enjoying myself. This is what you bought me for, now let me do it!” It wouldn’t matter what the manager says I’d want to stay on. That’s what the game is about – enjoyment! Every player wanted to play. None of us wanted to be on the bench.
People talk about the number of games played today but in 1969-70, ignoring friendlies, you played 72 competitive games for England and City. Would squad rotation have helped?
No. Playing is always better than being on the training pitch and I used to love playing, so I tried not to miss a game. It didn’t matter whether it was an England friendly, Anglo-Italian cup or whatever, I wanted to play and represent my club and my country. I think it’s best for all players. Look at Tevez. He’s improved his fitness and form by playing, and I think a lot of players are like that. He needs to play, and that’s what I always wanted.
Some of the other players from the 1969-70 season have talked about Franny’s Grand Slam. Your aim to win four trophies in one season inspired them. What do you remember of that?
Well, we wanted to win every game so it seemed natural to me that we should go for all four. We won the League Cup and Cup Winners’ Cup, so that wasn’t bad. In the FA Cup we ended up suffering a rare defeat at United. We were doing okay in the League then we had a few injuries – Mike, Colin Bell and Neil Young were injured at key times – otherwise I think we would have won three trophies. But the thing about the ‘Grand Slam’ was that it was the ambition of the place. I remember we were going to London on the train and could see Wembley, and I shouted to the lads to take a look because two of our ‘Grand Slam’ games would be played there!
Moving forward a couple of years, we missed the title by a point in 1972. Why?
Rodney Marsh has told you himself that his signing affected the 1971-72 season. Malcolm played Rodney and disrupted a team that I’m convinced would have won the League that year. I don’t blame Rodney. There was one game near the end where we should have had a couple of penalties for hand ball but, because this was the season when we got that record number of penalties, they weren’t given. That season our luck changed and everything went against us.
A lot has been made about you ‘diving’ but the factual evidence is that the majority of those penalties were given for things like handball or fouls on other players. Nevertheless, the myths survive. So, big question, did you ever dive?
I couldn’t say that I always stayed on my feet unless I was absolutely knocked down. In those days you used to get some horrendous treatment by the defenders, but I will tell you that the season before those penalties we only had a couple, and before that I think it was one. The reason we got so many in 1971-72 is that they had changed the law, plus we were going for the title so we were putting sides under a lot of pressure and they reacted. I was fouled only 5 times out of the 13 league penalties we got.
When I was attacking I used to play the odds. If a defender was coming towards me I’d carry on, or I’d run towards the defender because there were only three things that could happen – he pulls me down, he gets the ball off me – well done, or I get a cracking shot at goal. So the odds were in my favour. You have to play them.
I think the reason people go on about penalties with me is because I was the one taking them. It didn’t seem to matter what they were given for, the headlines were that I had scored from a penalty. The season after I think we only got one penalty. I would say that for every dubious penalty that was awarded there were another twenty that we should have had.
Was the move to Derby something you really wanted?
By that time my business was substantial so going to Derby was going to cause problems. Derby offered City more than anyone else and that was that. We won the title in my first season – I’d only signed a contract for a year – and they were a very good side, so I stayed with them for another season. The pitch was awful – even Maine Road’s pitch was better – but I felt we could have won the European Cup that second season. We beat Real Madrid 4-1 but I missed the return game because I’d been sent off in the Hunter incident against Leeds. We lost 5-1.
They actually changed the rule after that saying it was unfair to automatically ban a player from a European game after a domestic match when the player had yet to be proved to be guilty. There wasn’t much chance of me being ‘not guilty’ – the footage was there for everyone to see!
People often suggest that City sold you too soon and that had you stayed a couple of seasons longer we might have won the title again. Do you hold this view?
I think if I’d have stayed and Mike Summerbee – remember he was sold a year after me – then I do think we’d have mounted a serious challenge for the title. Mike had plenty to offer and should not have been sold.
You came back to Maine Road and scored for Derby (28/12/74). I was in Platt Lane that day and I remember a surreal moment when City fans cheered your goal. Did that actually happen?
Yes, it did. Then I think they thought: “What have we done, he’s playing for them!”
I enjoyed my football and I loved scoring. I loved that goal. I picked it up with my back to the line, went through two people and on to score the goal. The film shows me smiling because I’d scored what I thought was a good goal. It had nothing to do with City or revenge or anything like that. I think I enjoyed about 95% of every game I ever played. It was fun. A great way to earn a living, so on that day I was happy.
Why did you retire in 1976 only a few weeks after your 32nd birthday?
My business was taking over. I had about 110 people working for me and was travelling all over the country. Had I been playing closer to Bolton then I may have carried on. Derby wanted me to stay on, and I made a promise to Dave Mackay that if I was to play again then I’d do it for him. Tommy Docherty tried to persuade me to join United but I wouldn’t break my promise to Derby.
Your business and horse racing interests grew, but then in 1993 you were back, mounting a takeover of City. Why?
I wasn’t looking to get back into the game at all during those years. I had a successful career and was happy. But City were in a desperate state and I genuinely felt that I could not let a club I cared passionately for struggle like that.
When we finally gained control there were so many issues. So many skeletons coming out of the cupboards. The financial state of the club was appalling. I should have known then that it wouldn’t work!
The biggest problem at the start was having to build the new Kippax Stand –there really wasn’t a workable plan in place before we arrived and yet the stand had to be replaced within months of us arriving. We ended up spending about £16m in the end – even removing the waste from underneath the old terracing cost £1.8m because it was contaminated. I thought then that my luck had changed. Everything we tried to do became an issue and the Kippax was a millstone.
It’s extraordinary when you think that prior to us, Blackburn and Everton, no one ever put money into a football club. People bought shares but never invested, we did invest.
Off the pitch things did improve significantly, but on the pitch we struggled. What’s your view?
People like John Dunkerley worked very hard during that spell and the training facilities were improved and so on. Then, just when we finished the Kippax, Manchester Council started to talk to me about becoming tenants of the new stadium – now that turned out to be the best thing that happened to City during the decade that followed. We spent a lot of time working with them and talking with various people to make it happen. Full marks must go to the Council for having the foresight and it became very important for City to become anchor tenants. I think I had a lot of bad luck as Chairman and things certainly didn’t work on the pitch, but I do think that was one thing that the club got right.
Finally, thinking of your time as a player, many people claim the 1970 League Cup Final was your greatest City game, do you feel that?
I don’t think of individual games in that way. You have to look at the club during your time there and see what that club won and what you contributed to the overall success of the club, not necessarily individual games.
My role was to make things happen, and if I was making things happen, especially if it was causing some aggravation for the opposition, then I was happy. When you hear the opposition players shouting things like: “don’t let him turn!” that’s a real pat on the back. You know you’re getting to them.
In terms of individual games or goals… I think one of the goals I scored at West Ham (18/11/67) was the best goal I’ve ever scored. I was playing against Bobby Moore and I think I had a fantastic game.
I always think that a top class player should go on to the pitch and have enough confidence in his own ability to know that it is very rare for him to have a bad game. It’s not arrogance or anything, but it is the mark of a top class player. If you go onto the pitch feeling that then more often than not you will have a good game. The next step is to take it up the levels until you walk on to the pitch believing you’ll have a great game and score a couple of goals.
At City most of us developed that confidence and on some days, when the entire team was at that level, we had some tremendous games. There are signs that the current side are heading in that same direction.
You can read more on Francis throughout the website. Use the Francis Lee tab lower down on this page or search using his name. As an example, here’s a detailed profile of him I wrote a few years back:
If you’ve enjoyed this piece then why not subscribe and read the rest of the great material on here. At the same time you’ll be supporting my research and writing (I’m not employed by anyone and my research/writing is self-funded). It costs £3 per month (here; access everything posted since 1 October 2022) or £20 per year (below; access everything posted since December 2020). You’ll also get to read all content posted during your subscription. Thanks.
If you’ve enjoyed this piece then why not subscribe and read the rest of the great material on here. At the same time you’ll be supporting my research and writing (I’m not employed by anyone and my research/writing is self-funded). It costs £3 per month (above) or £20 per year (here; access everything posted since December 2020). You’ll also get to read all content posted during your subscription. Thanks.
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